The political theory that supports the idea of a classless society is primarily associated with Marxism. Karl Marx envisioned a society where the class distinctions between the bourgeoisie (capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class) would be abolished through revolutionary means. This transition would lead to the establishment of socialism, ultimately culminating in a classless and stateless society referred to as communism. Marxist theory critiques the capitalist system's inherent inequalities and aims for social ownership of the means of production, thereby promoting collective well-being over individual accumulation of wealth.