The term for the official rebuke of a senator or representative in the U.S. Congress is censure. Censure serves as a formal statement of disapproval for misconduct or violations of congressional rules or ethics. While it does not remove a member from office, censure holds significant political weight and can damage a legislator's reputation. The process typically involves a resolution passed by the majority of either house of Congress, allowing for public accountability and transparency regarding a member's behavior. Censure reflects the legislative body's commitment to maintaining ethical standards among its members.