The term for a measure taken to ensure equality in representation is affirmative action, which typically refers to policies designed to increase the representation of historically marginalized groups. These measures may include quotas, targeted outreach, or preference in hiring and admission processes. Affirmative action aims to rectify past discrimination and promote diversity in various spheres, including education and the workforce. The implementation of such policies is often debated, as critics argue they may undermine meritocracy, while supporters contend they are vital for achieving equity and ensuring that diverse perspectives contribute to societal development.