The Electoral College holds significant importance in U.S. politics as it determines the mechanism for electing the President. This system, established in the Constitution, allocates electoral votes based on popular votes in each state, which can lead to outcomes that do not mirror the national popular vote. Critics argue that this can disenfranchise voters and distort the true democratic process, while supporters contend it protects smaller states' interests. Understanding the Electoral College is essential for comprehending broader dynamics in American political behavior.