Non-state actors play an increasingly prominent role in international politics by influencing policy decisions, shaping agendas, and providing services beyond state capabilities. Examples include multinational corporations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and terrorist groups, which can exert significant influence on governmental actions. Non-state actors may advocate for specific issues, mobilize public opinion, or provide humanitarian assistance, complicating traditional state-led approaches to governance. Their involvement can enhance cooperation on global issues, such as climate change or human rights, but can also introduce challenges related to accountability and legitimacy in the international sphere.

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