The purpose of checks and balances in government is to prevent any one branch from gaining excessive power and to ensure a distribution of authority. This system allows each branch—the executive, legislative, and judicial—to monitor and limit the functions of the others. For instance, the executive can veto legislative actions, while the judiciary can review laws for constitutionality. This framework promotes accountability, encourages cooperation among branches, and protects the rights of citizens, contributing to a stable and functioning democracy.