Political asylum is a protection granted by a country to individuals who have fled their home country due to fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. The asylum process involves applying for legal status in the host country, where applicants must demonstrate a well-founded fear of persecution. This legal framework is crucial for safeguarding human rights and providing refuge for those in dire situations. However, the process can be complex, with varying standards of proof and differing legal interpretations in different countries, leading to challenges for applicants seeking safety.