The Keynesian approach to economic policy emphasizes the role of government in stimulating economic growth, particularly during downturns. Established by economist John Maynard Keynes, this theory advocates for increasing government spending and lowering taxes to boost aggregate demand. By intervening in the economy, Keynesians believe that governments can mitigate the effects of recessions and reduce unemployment. This approach contrasts with laissez-faire policies, underscoring the importance of active fiscal policy. Additionally, Keynesian economics promotes the idea that during periods of growth, governments should save surplus revenue for future economic challenges, ensuring stability.