The importance of state sovereignty in global politics lies in its role as a fundamental principle governing the interactions among states. Sovereignty allows states to exercise power over their territory without external interference, enabling them to establish laws, conduct foreign affairs, and enter into treaties. This principle promotes the idea of equality among nations and provides the framework for respecting national borders. However, challenges to sovereignty can arise from globalization, interventionism, and international organizations, leading to debates over the limits of state authority in addressing global issues.