A divided government can complicate policymaking because it necessitates negotiation among competing parties and ideologies. When one party controls the presidency and another controls one or both chambers of Congress, significant challenges arise in passing legislation. This can lead to legislative gridlock, where key initiatives are stalled due to partisan disagreements. However, a divided government can also promote bipartisanship as both sides may recognize the need to collaborate on critical issues. Ultimately, the nature of the division shapes the effectiveness and direction of policymaking efforts.