Political polarization negatively impacts governance by creating divides that obstruct bipartisan cooperation. As political parties become more ideologically distinct, consensus on issues becomes increasingly rare, leading to gridlock and inefficiency in decision-making. This polarization can foster extreme rhetoric and diminish trust in governmental institutions. It may also alienate moderate voices and push voters towards more radical elements. In the long run, this can undermine democratic processes, exacerbating societal divisions and potentially contributing to political instability and the rise of populism as disillusioned citizens seek alternatives.