Political fragmentation impacts governance by complicating policy coordination and decision-making processes. When political parties or factions are deeply divided, it can lead to gridlock, hindering the government's ability to enact and implement laws. Fragmentation often results in competing agendas and a lack of consensus, making it challenging to address pressing issues effectively. Furthermore, it can erode public trust in political institutions as citizens perceive inefficiencies in governance. Addressing fragmentation requires fostering collaboration and dialogue among political entities, essential for restoring functionality and promoting effective governance in a diverse society.