The difference between a parliamentary caucus and a political party lies primarily in their organizational structure and function. A **political party** is a formal organization that aims to gain control of government by winning elections and implementing its platform. In contrast, a **caucus** is a group of legislators from the same political party or those with shared interests who meet to discuss policies, strategize, and coordinate action within the legislature. While parties contest elections and seek to form governments, caucuses focus on collaborative decision-making and advocacy within the legislative context, often influencing party leadership and legislative agendas.