Political patronage refers to the practice of granting political support, resources, or favors in exchange for loyalty or electoral backing. This system often occurs in the context of a political party or government where leaders appoint individuals to key positions based on their allegiance rather than merit. While patronage may facilitate party cohesiveness and reward loyalty, it can also lead to issues such as corruption and inefficiency in governance. Critics argue that it undermines democratic values by prioritizing personal connections over public interest and accountability in key decision-making processes.