Political efficacy refers to the belief that individual actions can influence political outcomes. It encompasses both the capacity to understand political issues and the confidence to engage in the political process, including voting and activism. When citizens feel politically efficacious, they are more likely to participate in elections and civic activities, thereby strengthening democracy. Conversely, low political efficacy can lead to disengagement, apathy, and a sense of helplessness regarding societal problems, perpetuating a cycle of disenfranchisement.