A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal, often pertaining to significant constitutional or legislative changes. This political process allows citizens to express their preferences on specific issues, thereby enhancing democratic participation. During a referendum, the outcome is typically determined by a simple majority, making it a direct form of **democracy**. Referendums can serve as a tool for government accountability, enabling voters to approve or reject proposals, and are often used to gauge public sentiment on contentious topics.