A constitutional amendment refers to a formal change or addition to the constitution, which generally requires a rigorous process to ensure broad consensus. In many nations, an amendment can be proposed by a supermajority in the legislature or by a constitutional convention. Following proposal, it often must be ratified by a specific number of states or through a referendum. This process reflects the intention to safeguard fundamental principles while allowing for necessary evolution in governance. Amendments can address pressing social issues or clarify existing provisions, underscoring the dynamic nature of constitutional law.