A ballot initiative is a process allowing citizens to propose legislation or constitutional amendments directly through a referendum. Voters can collect signatures to qualify the initiative for inclusion on the ballot during elections. If approved by majority vote, the initiative becomes law without requiring legislative approval. This mechanism serves as a tool for direct democracy, empowering citizens to influence policy on issues important to them, such as taxation, social issues, or environmental regulations. However, the voting process also comes with challenges, including misinformation and varying levels of voter engagement.