Factors contributing to voter apathy in elections include distrust in political institutions, feelings of powerlessness, and a lack of awareness regarding issues at stake. Economic factors, such as unemployment or financial strain, can also diminish interest in civic engagement. Additionally, the perception that one vote does not matter and the influence of media narratives may discourage participation. Voter apathy poses challenges for democratic systems by undermining electoral legitimacy and representation, making it essential for civic education and outreach efforts to address these barriers.