Several factors contribute to political alienation, including a perceived lack of representation, disenchantment with political parties, and a sense of powerlessness. Individuals may feel excluded due to socioeconomic status or cultural background, leading to feelings of frustration. The decline of traditional party loyalty, along with widespread political corruption, exacerbates this alienation. Media portrayal can also play a role, often highlighting negative aspects of politics and deepening disillusionment. Ultimately, alienation can result in decreased voter turnout and engagement, further weakening democratic processes and creating a cycle of disengagement from politics.