The term “voter ID laws” refers to legislation requiring individuals to present specific forms of identification before they can cast their ballots. These laws are often justified by proponents as measures to prevent voter fraud and ensure the integrity of elections. However, critics argue that they disproportionately affect minority, low-income, and elderly voters who may lack the required ID. The implementation of voter ID laws varies by state, with some having strict requirements while others offer alternatives. These laws continue to spark debate about access to the electoral process and their impact on voter turnout.