In international relations theory, the term "realism" refers to a perspective that emphasizes the anarchic nature of the international system and the centrality of state interests and power. Realists argue that states act primarily based on their own definitions of national interest, often prioritizing survival and security. Under this paradigm, conflict is seen as an inevitable aspect of international affairs, where moral considerations are often secondary to power dynamics. Realism asserts that to navigate this complex landscape, states must be pragmatic rather than idealistic, shaping foreign policy through a lens of competitive advantage and power balance.