The term "executive order" signifies a directive issued by the head of state, typically a president, to manage the operations of the federal government. These orders carry the force of law, allowing the executive branch to implement policies without congressional approval. Executive orders can cover a wide range of issues, from national security to administrative procedures. They serve as a powerful tool for shaping policy quickly, especially during times of crisis or when legislative channels are obstructed. However, they can be controversial, as they may override established laws and provoke debate over the limits of executive power.