The "separation of powers" is a governance principle that divides governmental responsibilities into distinct branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial. This framework aims to prevent the concentration of power in any single branch, promoting a system of checks and balances. Each branch operates independently while possessing the authority to monitor and limit the actions of the others. This division ensures accountability, protects individual rights, and supports democratic governance. Overall, the separation of powers serves to safeguard liberty and promote fair governance in political systems.