When a law is enacted by referendum, it means that the legislation is approved directly by the electorate through a vote, bypassing the traditional legislative process. This mechanism allows citizens to have a direct say in important policy decisions, often concerning contentious issues such as constitutional amendments or social reforms. The referendum process typically includes campaigning and public debate, providing voters with information about the proposed law. The outcome reflects the collective will of the people, promoting a sense of democratic participation, but it can also lead to challenges when opinions are deeply divided.