A country has a bicameral legislature when its legislative body is divided into two separate chambers, typically an upper house and a lower house. This system allows for a more nuanced approach to law-making, as each chamber can review, amend, and pass legislation. Generally, the lower house represents the population and is elected directly, while the upper house may represent regions or states, with members often appointed or elected through different processes. Bicameralism aims to balance representation and provide checks and balances within the legislative process.