"Ideological polarization" refers to the increasing division in political attitudes and beliefs within a society, particularly among political parties. It indicates a growing gap between individuals with distinct political affiliations, leading to intensified partisan conflict and reduced willingness to compromise. This phenomenon often results in a more hostile political environment, where dialogue is discouraged, and coexistence becomes challenging. Increased social media usage and selective exposure to information have also contributed to this growing divide, making it harder for individuals to engage in constructive political discourse.