Executive privilege refers to the power of the president to withhold information from Congress, the courts, and the public, particularly regarding communications and documents related to national security and foreign affairs. This privilege is intended to protect the confidentiality of executive branch decision-making and enable frank discussions among advisors. However, it can also lead to disputes over transparency and accountability, particularly in cases where congressional inquiries or judicial oversight begin to challenge executive authority. Thus, executive privilege plays a complex role in the balance of powers within government.