“Checks and balances” specifically refers to the principles designed to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful, ensuring a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Each branch has distinct responsibilities and the ability to limit or “check” the powers of the others. This system fosters accountability and maintains democratic governance by requiring cooperation and compromise among branches. For example, while the executive can veto legislation, the legislative can override that veto, illustrating the dynamic interplay necessary for effective governance and the protection of civil liberties.