A "failed state" in political science is characterized by the inability to provide basic public services, maintain order, and ensure the rule of law. Such states often experience severe political instability, widespread violence, and economic collapse, leaving citizens vulnerable to armed conflict and humanitarian crises. Key indicators include a lack of effective governance, rampant corruption, human rights abuses, and a breakdown of social contracts. The international community faces challenges in addressing the issues of failed states, which can lead to regional destabilization and increased migration flows.