The primary functions of a national government include maintaining law and order, providing public goods, ensuring national security, and administering justice. Governments also facilitate economic stability and growth through policy-making and regulation. They are responsible for protecting individual rights and freedoms while addressing societal needs. National governments represent the interests of their citizens both domestically and internationally, engaging in diplomacy and forming alliances. Effective governance requires balancing these responsibilities, ensuring accountability, and responding to the aspirations of the populace while fostering a stable society.