The main types of electoral systems used around the world include pluralitarian, proportional representation, and mixed systems. Pluralitarian systems, such as first-past-the-post, award victory to the candidate with the most votes in single-member districts. Proportional representation allocates seats based on the proportion of votes each party receives, promoting a broader representation of political views. Mixed systems combine elements of both, allowing for greater flexibility and representation. The choice of electoral system impacts party dynamics, voter engagement, and the overall functionality of the political system, influencing governance and policy outcomes significantly.