Polarization creates substantial barriers to bipartisan collaboration, as it often results in entrenched attitudes and diminished willingness to compromise. In highly polarized environments, political parties prioritize their agendas over cooperative governance, undermining the potential for cross-party negotiations. This division can lead to legislative gridlock, where important issues remain unaddressed due to an inability to find common ground. Moreover, polarization can further alienate the electorate, reducing trust in political institutions and exacerbating societal divisions.