Government surveillance raises significant concerns around privacy rights, as it often involves monitoring citizens without their consent or knowledge. This practice can lead to a chilling effect on free expression and discourage individuals from participating in political activities, fearing repercussions. The balance between national security and individual freedoms is contentious, with advocates arguing for greater transparency and oversight. Moreover, extensive surveillance can disproportionately impact marginalized communities, exacerbating already existing social inequalities. Protecting privacy rights in the face of surveillance is essential to uphold democratic values and civil liberties.