The Senate in the U.S. government serves as one of the two chambers in the legislative process. Its primary functions include reviewing, amending, and voting on legislation passed by the House of Representatives. Each state has equal representation, with two senators, allowing for a balance of power regardless of a state's population. The Senate also has the responsibility to confirm presidential appointments, such as federal judges and cabinet members, and ratify treaties. Additionally, the Senate acts as a check on executive power, ensuring accountability within the government.