Factors contributing to political instability in a region include ethnic tensions, economic disparities, corruption, and weak governance structures. Social unrest can emerge when communities feel marginalized or disillusioned with political systems. These factors can lead to protests, coups, or civil wars, further exacerbating instability. External influences, such as foreign intervention or global economic shifts, can also destabilize regions. Addressing root causes of instability through inclusive governance and economic development is essential for fostering lasting peace and security.