Decentralization can significantly affect local governance by empowering communities to make decisions tailored to their unique needs. When power is distributed to local authorities, it can lead to more responsive public services and increased civic engagement. However, challenges such as resource disparities and lack of expertise can arise in decentralized systems, potentially leading to inconsistencies in service delivery. Effective decentralization requires supportive structures to ensure local governments can operate efficiently and effectively, thereby promoting greater democratic participation.