A theocracy is a form of government in which religious leaders control political power, and religious law is the basis for legal authority. In a theocracy, the state's governance aligns closely with the doctrines of a specific faith, often leading to limited pluralism and restrictions on freedoms concerning non-adherents. Characteristics include direct governance by religious leaders, application of divine law in civil matters, and marginalization of secular institutions. Examples of theocracies include Iran and Vatican City, where religion significantly dictates both public and private life.