Independent candidates face multiple challenges in elections, including limited funding, lack of media exposure, and obstacles in accessing ballot placements. They often struggle to gain visibility against candidates from major parties, which enjoy established networks and voter recognition. Additionally, independent candidates must navigate complex electoral laws that can vary significantly across different regions, posing further hurdles. The winner-takes-all electoral system can also disadvantage independents, as voters may strategically choose candidates perceived as having a better chance to win.