Civil liberties are fundamental freedoms guaranteed to individuals, often enshrined in law. They include rights such as freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and the right to privacy. These liberties are essential in a democratic society, protecting individuals from government overreach and ensuring personal autonomy. Civil liberties allow citizens to express dissent, participate in political discourse, and challenge authority, thereby fostering a vibrant democratic environment. Their protection is crucial for upholding human rights and maintaining social justice, as they contribute to individual dignity and collective freedom.