The separation of powers functions within a government by distributing authority among distinct branches—typically the executive, legislative, and judicial—to prevent the concentration of power. This framework ensures that each branch can check and balance the others, maintaining accountability and protecting citizens' rights. By allowing for independent operations, the separation of powers fosters a system of governance that encourages deliberation and debate. It is foundational to democratic governance, as it limits the potential for abuse and fosters adherence to the rule of law, contributing to political stability.