The interplay of local and federal laws affects governance by creating a framework where different levels of government must navigate overlapping responsibilities and jurisdictions. Local laws often address community-specific issues, while federal laws typically concern larger national matters. This relationship can lead to conflicts or synergies, particularly when local governments challenge federal policies, as seen in areas such as immigration and environmental regulation. The interaction between these layers of governance requires constant negotiation and adaptation to ensure that laws are implemented effectively, respecting both local needs and federal mandates.