The Electoral College is a unique system used in the United States to elect the president and vice president. Each state has a certain number of electors based on its representation in Congress, and these electors formally cast votes for the candidates. Voters in each state cast their ballots, and the majority winner typically receives all of that state’s electoral votes. This system means that candidates must appeal to a broader range of states and constituencies, rather than simply focusing on the overall national popular vote, which can lead to significant disparities in representation.