The concept of separation of powers functions in governance by dividing the responsibilities of government into distinct branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial. This framework aims to prevent the concentration of power and to create a system of checks and balances. Each branch has its own specific functions; the legislative branch makes laws, the executive enforces them, and the judicial interprets them. By ensuring that these branches operate independently, the separation of powers fosters accountability and preserves individual rights. This foundational principle is integral to many democratic systems, promoting balance and justice.