The concept of national sovereignty significantly affects international relations by determining how countries interact with one another. Nations prioritize their autonomy and interests, leading to policies that may clash with global norms or other nations' rights. Debates over sovereignty often arise in contexts like humanitarian interventions, international trade, or environmental accords, where collaboration may seem necessary. Countries may resist outside interventions, asserting their right to self-governance. Thus, the balance between maintaining sovereignty and engaging in global cooperation remains a complex challenge in international relations.