The concept of citizenship varies significantly across countries, influenced by legal, cultural, and historical contexts. In some nations, citizenship is based on jus soli, granting automatic rights to individuals born within a country's territory. In others, it follows jus sanguinis, where citizenship is determined by descent or heritage. These differences affect the rights and responsibilities of citizens, including access to social services, voting rights, and eligibility for public office. Additionally, global immigration trends challenge traditional definitions of citizenship, leading to evolving discussions about belonging, national identity, and the rights of migrants and refugees.