Public opinion shapes government policy by influencing elected officials and political parties to respond to the views and preferences of their constituents. Politicians often rely on surveys, polls, and focus groups to gauge public sentiment on key issues. As public attitudes shift, governments may alter policies to align with voter expectations, which is crucial for electoral success. Additionally, advocacy groups and social movements can mobilize public opinion around specific issues, thereby pressuring politicians to enact legislation that reflects the evolving views of society.