Political theory addresses issues of power and inequality through various frameworks, examining how these elements shape societies and governance structures. Theories such as Marxism critique capitalist power dynamics, arguing that economic inequality perpetuates social injustices. Others, like liberalism, advocate for individual rights and equal opportunity, emphasizing the need for just political institutions. By analyzing the distribution of power and resources, political theorists seek to understand how systems perpetuate inequalities and explore mechanisms for reform. Ultimately, political theory provides essential insights for developing more equitable social structures and policies.