Political patronage works by granting government jobs, contracts, and favors in exchange for political support or loyalty. This system often involves appointing individuals based on their connections or party allegiance rather than merit. Patronage can create a network of loyal supporters who help maintain a party's power; however, it risks fostering corruption, inefficiency, and nepotism within public institutions. The reliance on patronage undermines the principles of professionalism and accountability, ultimately affecting the quality of governance and public services provided to citizens.