The centralization of political parties affects democratic governance by enabling streamlined decision-making but may suppress internal democracy and dissent. Centralized parties can enhance efficiency in policy formulation and promote cohesive platforms. However, this centralization can lead to reduced accountability, as leadership may prioritize party loyalty over public interest. Under this structure, grassroots members may feel marginalized, diminishing party responsiveness to constituents. As a result, the concentration of power within party hierarchies can threaten the broader health of democracy, stifling diverse expressions of political opinion and engagement.